Abashushanya imitako yoroshye bakunze kubazwa ikibazo, niba ushaka guhindura ibikoresho byo mucyumba, bizatuma ikirere rusange cyicyumba gihinduka, niki gikwiye guhitamo guhinduka?
Igisubizo mubisanzwe ni "intebe".
Uyu munsi rero tugiye kwiga kubijyanye nintebe ya ba shobuja ba kera mu mateka ~
1.Intebe
Igishushanyo: Marcel Breuer
Umwaka wo gushushanya: 1925
Intebe ya Wassily, yashinzwe mu 1925, yateguwe n’umushakashatsi uzwi cyane wo muri Hongiriya witwa Marcel Breuer.Iyi niyo ntebe ya mbere ya Breuer, kandi nintebe yambere ya pole kwisi.
Intebe ya Wassily yoroheje kandi nziza muburyo bworoshye, byoroshye muburyo kandi bifite imikorere myiza cyane.Hamwe nimashini ikomeye yibara ryiza, ikadiri nyamukuru ikorwa no gusudira, bigatuma igishushanyo kimeze nkimashini.By'umwihariko, umukandara ukoreshwa nk'intoki, usa rwose n'umukandara wa convoyeur kuri mashini.Inyuma yinyuma ihagarikwa kumurongo utambitse, wongeyeho imyumvire yo kugenda kuri mashini.
Intebe ya Wassily, ihumekewe nigare ryitwa Adler, niyo nyandiko ya mbere yerekana intebe ya pole ku isi, mu rwego rwo guha icyubahiro umuhanzi w’ubuhanzi abstract Wassily.Kandinsky, umwarimu wa Marshall, yise intebe intebe ya Wassily.Intebe ya Wassily yiswe ikimenyetso cyintebe yicyuma yo mu kinyejana cya 20, ibikoresho bya kijyambere.Ubu buryo bushya bwibikoresho byahise bikwira isi.
1.Intebe ya Chandigarh
Igishushanyo: Pierre Jeanneret
Umwaka wo gushushanya: ahagana mu 1955
Intebe ya Chandigarh nintebe yafotowe cyane mumyaka yashize.Izina ryayo rikomoka mumujyi mushya utopian mubuhinde.Ahagana mu 1955, umuhanzi uzwi cyane wo muri Suwede witwa Pierre Gennaray yasabwe na Le Corbusier gufasha mu iyubakwa ry’Umujyi wa Chandigarh mu Buhinde, anasaba no gutegura intebe y’abakozi ba Leta mu nyubako za leta.
Ikibabaje ni uko intebe ya Chandigarh yataye ahanini kubera ko abaturage bahisemo igishushanyo mbonera.Yatereranywe mumisozi hirya no hino mumujyi, akenshi igurishwa nkibisigazwa kumafaranga make.
Mu 1999, intebe ya Chandigarh imaze imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo, yari yakatiwe urwo gupfa, yabonye amahirwe yayo ahinduka cyane.Umucuruzi w’umufaransa yaguze intebe nyinshi zatawe arazisubiramo kugirango cyamunara.Niyo mpamvu intebe ya Chandigal yagarutse ku ishusho.
Nyuma, Cassina, ikirango kizwi cyane cyo mu Butaliyani ibikoresho byo mu nzu, yakoresheje ibikoresho bimwe byo guhuza icyayi n'imizabibu kugira ngo asubiremo intebe ya Chandigarh maze ayita 051 Intebe y'ibiro bya Capitol.
Muri iki gihe, intebe za Chandigarh zirashakishwa cyane n’abakusanya, abashushanya ndetse n’abakunda ibikoresho byo mu nzu, kandi zabaye kimwe mu bintu bisanzwe mu bishushanyo mbonera by’urugo kandi biryoshye.
1. Intebe ya Barcelona
Igishushanyo: Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
Umwaka wo gushushanya: 1929
Intebe izwi cyane ya Barcelona yashinzwe mu 1929 na shebuja w’Ubudage Mies van der Rohe, ni icyiciro cy’ibishushanyo mbonera bya kijyambere, bifatwa nkimwe mu ntebe za kera cyane zo mu kinyejana cya makumyabiri, kandi kikaba cyarakusanyijwe n’ingoro ndangamurage nyinshi zo ku isi.
Intebe ya Barcelona yateguwe na Mies by'umwihariko kuri pavilion y'Abadage mu imurikagurisha rya Barcelona 1929, ryanatanzwe nk'impano ya politiki yaturutse mu Budage ku Mwami n'Umwamikazi wa Espagne waje gutangiza uwo muhango.
Imiterere nyamukuru yintebe ya Barcelona nigitambara nyacyo cyuruhu rushyigikiwe nicyuma kitagira ingese, gifite imiterere myiza n'imirongo yoroshye.Muri kiriya gihe, intebe ya Barcelona yateguwe na Mies yari intoki, igishushanyo cyayo kikaba cyaratangaje cyane muri kiriya gihe.Iyi ntebe kandi iri mu byegeranyo byinzu ndangamurage nyinshi.
3.Intebe
Igishushanyo: Arne Jacobsen
Umwaka wo gushushanya: 1958
Intebe yamagi, yateguwe na Jacobson mu 1958. Kuva icyo gihe, yabaye icyitegererezo nicyitegererezo cyurugo rwa Danemark.Intebe yamagi yagenewe ahakorerwa no kwakirwa na Royal Hotel Copenhagen, kandi irashobora kugaragara mubyumba bidasanzwe 606.
Intebe yamagi, yitwa kubera ko isa nigikonjo cyoroshye, cyacitse amagi, nacyo cyahinduwe cyintebe yintebe ya Jeworujiya, hamwe na flair mpuzamahanga.
Intebe yamagi ifite imiterere yihariye ikora umwanya utabangamiye uyikoresha - nziza yo kuryama cyangwa gutegereza, nkurugo.Intebe yintanga yateguwe ukurikije ubuhanga bwumubiri wumuntu, umuntu yicaye neza, nziza kandi byoroshye.
1.Intebe ya Diyama
Igishushanyo: Harry Bertoia
Umwaka wo gushushanya: 1950
Mu myaka ya za 1950, umunyabugeni n'umushushanya Harry Bertoia yateguye ibikoresho byo muri Amerika.Ibyagenze neza muri ibi bishushanyo ni intebe ya diyama.Intebe ya diyama nintebe ya mbere ikozwe mu gusudira ibyuma, kuko imiterere ikunda diyama yitwa.Birasa cyane nigishushanyo, umurimo wubuhanzi, ntabwo mubikoresho gusa, ahubwo no muburyo.
Ibishushanyo mubyukuri yabikoresheje nkigishusho kigezweho.Betoia Bertoia yigeze kuvuga ati: "Iyo urebye ku ntebe, usanga ari umwuka gusa, nk'ibishusho bivanze n'umwanya wose."Ahantu hose hashyizwe, irashobora gushimangira igitekerezo cyumwanya neza.
Mubyukuri, hano hari intebe zibarirwa mu magana.Uyu munsi dusangiye gusa intebe 5 zingenzi.Nizere ko uzishimira izo ntebe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-02-2022